Difference Between Wisconsin And New York Cheddar

(Photos of the three buildings Fisac \u200b\u200bin color and B / N: Jaume Prat. The rest of the pictures are taken from the Internet)

On 14 December I went to Madrid. For days he had to do more or less by issues related to architecture and possible thesis that fails to boot, and not postponed further because Madrid is always a pleasure and because architects José María Sánchez and Iñaqui Butcher, teachers ETSAM, saw fit to invite me in class to correct their students before delivering the final draft of the semester. The class put me in a good mood.

I'm always on the sites with time. More if the site is Madrid. More if I have the opportunity to eat a good breakfast, and before or after visiting any building that interests me. In this case I decided to lose by Viso, this colony of houses that a Madrid, Rafael Bergamin, and a Catalan, Eduardo Ferrer i Puig, gave birth together, shortly before the Civil War, northern district of Salamanca, relatively close where today stands the Santiago Bernabéu, east of the Castellana. Madrid never had modernism, but, definitely, your novecentismo (here associated with the generation of 27) Excel More than ours and marked part of the fabric of the city. In this case: delicious single-family houses where they live now the Infanta Elena and Co. (no comment) and have their studio where architects Moneo Navarro Baldeweg. Casitas coquettish between too much traffic. Incipient rationalism that today continues to impress. Facilities living with them, such as government buildings in its limits, some military residence, a posh and cole, especially in its southern boundary, formed by the Poplar Hill, Residence of Students and the CSIC, the crown jewels . The Residencia de Estudiantes is always put under good humor and I hear the footsteps of Buñuel, Dali, de Unamuno, Falla or Ortega, and many others who lived there. I realize that I have seen like the students staying there, and my ipod gives me the same air away that to them, seems to know where to go.

I went there looking for the corner (Oblique like many others in the capital) between Costa and Joaquín Velázquez: the headquarters of the Institute of Microbiology, CSIC, built in the decade of 50 by Miguel Fisac, who knew recently restored. The name says it all: real estate. There was, optimally maintained and ready for my photographs. Until the security officer let me enter the courtyard to make my own. Sorry for the time: the building has been to photograph afternoon and I wanted to go to ETSAM to devour another horrible early mixed: luck that those who serve in the bars of the streets are far better, stick to the subsidized services. When I was taking pictures lifted his head appeared behind me, as if by magic, the chapel of the CSIC, the same architect who knew that were in visual contact with the building to study. Previously I had come, too casually, with the Board Documentation Centre Juan de la Cierva, also Fisac. After him, another institute of CSIC, Chemistry. In view of the church, the tower built by the architect for the promoters, among other buildings the architect of those who speak another day. He had, before me, a series of buildings constructed by the architect at various times, all interesting: his debut, one of his major works, a classical building, the tower, the two institutes. What to draw? Carefully photographed them (sorry: I had to quit for reasons of weight, the SLR at home, and it shows) and tried to relate. This is the result.

1. Calle Velázquez / Institute of Microbiology

2. Calle Serrano / CSIC Església

3. Calle Joaquin Costa / Documentation Centre

4. CSIC Institute of Chemistry

5. Torre del CSIC

6. La Residencia de Estudiantes

(highlighted in black and white buildings of the architect)

constructive Precision:

Fisac \u200b\u200bbuilt well. Okay. In previous articles I have visited his buildings looted by a landslide, or left hand of God forgotten in a city with very modern architectural heritage, as Vitoria, a city still does not believe his mind and insists on living in town centers and Eneas between Gancheguis Ajuria Peñas, Fisacs, Moneo, Coderchs, Bayonne, AbalosHerreros, mangos. Buildings invariably hold up well. Or better. This faith in the project, this professionalism, the mastery of any technique that uses cuts across all ages and in all his work. Fisac \u200b\u200bdominated brick, mass concrete, precast concrete. Load-bearing walls and pillars. Dominated, in short, anything constructive about it some thought: reflections radical ability to transform and create a strain thing-no-is-what-the-top-without-you-leave-of-being-what self. And he did so virtuous.

The church CSIC, his first built project, in full self-sufficiency, cultural deprivation, lack of basic materials like steel, owned by the army (like the rest of metals), a depressed country, political commissars ... The commission was no pearl means that part of Viso is called the Poplar Hill, and is limited by the Serrano street, where you see the church, and has a more diffuse boundary more natural, to the west, where it meets the back of huge buildings, almost giving the Castellana. The plot has several acres, previously contained the Residencia de Estudiantes and after the war, was assigned, almost entirely, the CSIC. Fisac \u200b\u200bbuilt there since 1942 (the year of the hood) until 1959, and closing six buildings, of which I will discuss only two. The style of them all, except the last, is the classical Italianate, fascist, populist, easily understood by the spirit of sub-chief who ran their cultural aspirations writing the screenplay for Raza. However, the buildings, a second glance, excellent for the accuracy of its proposals, the quality of its construction, for his radical approach. The church obviously a boycott. Arniches architects and Dominguez had projected that the CSIC auditorium needed before anything else. The project was stopped, after they had managed to raise ten feet of solid brick wall, two poles (60 cm), probably. Portant. Fisac \u200b\u200bpicks them up and up, as is, turning the auditorium into a church. The leaves seen outside and inside plaster. Built on the floor, probably without suspended floor. No need. Well-designed furnishings. Horrific paintings on the walls, all well preserved (which means no moisture). Great lights, saved, yet, within the meaning of the passage short: flat brick arches without a gram of iron. Throughout the building there will be none for the structure. From the Dominican Fathers Theologate the rotate 90 degrees and there remain until the end of his life. As will later Miralles.

The Institute of Microbiology : the paradigm shift. One of his major works, for which design a specific type of brick used other distinguished architects of his time. Concerned about the closing of the structures bearing no arcades, Fisac \u200b\u200bcriticize the brick walls of half-staff (six inches), monolithic, tubeless, solid brick plastered inside, with a terrible thermal response, and propose Instead, a brick machining, vacuum, which weighs half a brick cladding inner five-level inch blade made of cork or fiberglass intermediate. And we're talking about the 50's. Brick outer leaf had a specific design, asymmetrical, with a flash that covered the mortar and was immune to time and weather. So, you see only pottery. Nothing more than pottery. And that held forjaditos: we are in the era of the short edge and the absence of compression plates of soft iron and experiments. The tower and stairwells, probably semiportantes are solid brick.

The institute Chemistry. As the tower, exposed concrete exterior sheet very thin, about ten or twelve inches, arming one side as it was to his liking, folded upon itself to forging and asymmetric intermediate position between the upper and lower fold. The reason is simple: Under the shutter box (aluminum roll), above, space for the radiator, much of his work is going to solve the case. The structure can be in many places. In this case, between vain and futile, outer pilasters with downspouts extrados, added a posteriori, completely outside, easy to maintain, strong vertical rhythm, strong shadow lines. What could have finished yesterday.

The Board Documentation Centre Juan de la Cierva : completely flat facade, poured concrete, formwork modeling seemingly random parapet to parapet. Gargoyle top and overflow emergency feature of the building that has been entrusted his whole appearance. Inserted structure with all of the law, sunscreens, interior, as well preserved as all previous.

woodworking Position:

gain weight and lose weight Fisac \u200b\u200bthe facades of convenience, always fighting the same assumptions: thermal comfort, sun protection, and that I do not know how to identify each building, each user, premium interior views, sensual, mysterious, poetic inspiration. Only with this feature, change any of its facilities, but is identical to the previous build. Excuse: I do not remember how it is the church. Solid brick walls. Youth. Serlian inside.

The Institute Microbiology to, the carpenters come out of the plane of the facade. It consists of special bricks designed, and is discontinuous. In front, the architect has a galvanized aluminum frames (which might not be yours and be the result of restoration: what is certain is that he respected the position of the woodwork, therefore, what to say about them is analogous to what could be said of the originally designed, regardless of their material). This framework is probably false, or rhetorical, or false, depending on how you say, in any case is hardly airtight. So, obligatorily, should appear some artifice that obviously works. The framework should be thick, very thick inside, the two partitions grout and protect effectively the two sheets.

The Institute of Chemistry to form the flat interior woodwork of the facade. Outside, a line of shadow. Outside, the shutter, solar protection. The front has shifted like a sock and has been (with the help of the ceiling and the virtual plane of the radiator) on the inside.

In Board Documentation Centre Juan de la Cierva (that awful facade) the facade is flat. If flat is flat. Flat on the inside, flat out, the woodwork, flush at the outer solar protection are embedded. The interior insulation cladding attached to the front, and all will be the first band of the building.

runs Windows

:

All buildings are studied, except the church. I understand long window continuous light plane, horizontal, open all along a wall or a facade. Is the way it is. Whether the system is constructive. I noticed this thanks to Karl Johan school in Gothenburg, the work of Erik Gunnar Asplund, who appeared in a book he stole from an architect who did not deserve it and keep as a jewel after having broken the forum during the flight . This school is a building bearing walls, characterized by a succession of square windows completely flush externally between vain and solid brick vain, vain of length shorter than the windows that frame, so that the end result is an empty domain on the full band in the window: the others are solid, nothing more. This contrasts with the dire windows-run-that-doesn't-it-is that too many architects place today, consisting of solid cloth trim and unify differentiated by a painting or a material change of solid strips horizontal: false. Asplund produces a continuous window precisely because it hides what is on the wall. The disguises. And with this gesture, someone else could produce the long window of five points. In short: a system.

EGAsplund, school, Karl Johann, Göteborg: sliding windows in structural walls with piers narrower than the gaps

EGAsplund, warehouses Bredenberg, Stockholm: sliding windows open plan

Rafael Moneo, homes in Avila :-based continuous window close together small windows cut into a wall.

The dome of the church presents a series of small windows that illuminate from above: yes, Santa Sofia is a precursor to the long window.

The Institute of Microbiology : Karl Johann school again, to the Fisac.

The Institute of Chemistry: the windows are interrupted by the field structure, between module and module, with a short corridor that minimizes the slides and go lights well for long. Shadow lines. Oblong windows and a stranglehold on the full vacuum in the horizontal tray, for 25 to 1. However, little boxes. Pace. Downspouts, added a posteriori. Shadow lines. Guidelines.

The Board Documentation Centre Juan de la Cierva, a long window Fisac \u200b\u200bworks perfect: the structure is within the bands are continuous concrete and carpentry level with them. Bands Hollow smooth, perfect.

Textures:

All material is textured. So ash concrete by Tadao Ando, \u200b\u200bpolished, with that touch ased. Even the ceramic mounted dry, or large stainless steel panels terse as mirrors have it. Fisac \u200b\u200bconsciously plays with them throughout their lives, to the extent that their periods are characterized by their use. Start with brick. Of as little as possible. Find the concrete, formwork wood first and then with a polyvinyl sheet attached in various ways: with a separate wooden slats, wire, rope. These molds, always the same, each time producing a different and unique piece, characterized the last phase of his work. All this always coexist with other materials that you like: the panels of glass brick, masonry cloths, worked more or less mortar, or armed, they come to equate with concrete wood a unique curtain wall ... in the Viso are not concrete panels with polyvinyl enmoldados, or know, but the catalog of textures that is runs throughout his work and allows a global view of the work of this architect.

Fisac, ed. Dollar, 1976. Precast concrete formwork polyvinyl based on a single mold that also does woodworking.

The Institute of Microbiology to: Brick. Brick, two different types: when it is working bearing bulky in walls antler or horn and a half. Mortar joints are nearly a third of the width of the individual brick, solid and tight. The perception of the walls is therefore very sensitive to the distance, near, when we play, is coarse, aggressive, with a wild point. Midway vibrating wall, the corners are realized, the small oblong and deep holes give it a rough but controlled. Seen from a distance is homogeneous, dirty, complex and perfectly mark the building volume. His special brick mortars change the board a line of shadow. His lead is not vertical but is inclined inward (for better and overlap so that the water slide), the brick is cleaner, orange, brighter, and the board is almost black. Vertical joints disappear, and only makes a series of horizontal lines every few inches. About displayed an intense vibration. Of further bands are marked a very powerful way. By far the wall vibrate uniformly, and the scale of the brick is very well marked in relation to solid strips and slabs.

The church working with a small solid brick, with strong board, producing the effect I described above.

The Institute of Chemistry available in front pieces of poured concrete or prefabricated on site, curves, so that their boundaries are blurred. The mortar color is gray, the timber formwork, horizontal boards more or less well off, with a board that is never perfect. This gives some randomness to the blend.

The Board Documentation Centre Juan de la Cierva the concrete works similarly to the above, but perfectly horizontal bands, uninterrupted: roughness against the smoothness of glass punctuated by the horizontal woodwork.

The relationship with the city:

Fisac \u200b\u200bnot seem to feel too comfortable in Madrid, nor in the city in particular. Many buildings are hidden behind fences more or less worked. Others, like IBM's Paseo de la Castellana, are directly shielded: they deny the street. His urban plans will be based in the cottage and the little garden, in the family isolated from the neighbors. Even many of the speculative housing buildings are arranged perpendicular to the street open to traffic spaces respect without the cost of hurting yet plus some neighborhoods without social cohesion, nothing that had not already invented the modern movement. In the Poplar Hill church began lining the streets, gestures inherited from the audience. Anyway, the rest of the program and the other six buildings will stay with this lineup, and the entire development plan will be the guideline of Serrano Street (north-south), have an orderly and playing with pre-existing as one's Residencia de Estudiantes ( alignment). Outside of the Hill, scattered throughout the Viso, there are other plots: the site of the Institute of Microbiology is very complex, with powerful lineups dictated by Joaquín Costa and Velazquez streets. There, the building will be a trench: an apple shape, and within, creates a microcosm, a secluded garden and separated from the street by the building itself and the section, which leaves a few feet above. The institutes catch the direction of the Calle Joaquin Costa, and exploit whatever their position, being oblique on the streets that are delivered. The fences are essential. The hits are produced by small squares, and only these plug the buildings with their surroundings, so timely. As if they were quantum leaps. The Juan de la Cierva is aligned again with the street, but without making the city: the fence who is entrusted with this feature.

IBM, la Castellana: the building barricaded

Some

single-family homes, like yours, have private patios. Gardens. Garden means, etymologically, a paradise in Persian: it seems as if the windows would serve more to illuminate than to watch.

Each of these buildings deserves a separate analysis. I left in the pipeline some relevant features that relate to other works of the architect, or characterize them alone, or even those who are, even more families including: features like staircases, which teach that a building had Fisac \u200b\u200bhead incessantly repeating . Features such as the dome of the church, modeled on the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, if the ship is swung about herself will be other churches the architect, such as the Dominican Convent. If the vessel is deformed fan asimetrizando the two walls will Canfranc, Vitoria. Features such as the squares of access, which I have just suggested. No need. The idea is to realize that, as an architect, was transformed, using the number of orders I had to reflect on the passage of time, construction techniques, debugging, test, test: to have some success, to fail sometimes. To be a nonconformist. To be an architect.

similarities

placita access to the Institute of Chemistry, good morning.

... and that do not know what . That I do not know what's always talking. I know not what that, unexpectedly, was related from building to building. Increasingly loose. More and more domestic, more economical, more automatic and, simultaneously, as inspired as the first did not know what more courageous, more mechanical. Increasingly doing more with less. To the extent that users notice and the last buildings (more armor, more distrustful, more schematic) will have a domesticity that are missed the first, be released and finally yourself.